Using demand mapping to assess the benefits of urban green and blue space in cities from four continents

The benefits of urban green and blue infrastructure (UGI) are widely discussed, but rarely take into account local conditions or contexts. Although assessments increasingly consider the demand for ecosystem services that UGI provides, they tend to only map spatial pattern pressures such as heat, air pollution, lack a wider understanding where beneficiaries located who will benefit most. We assess in five cities from four continents with contrasting climate, socio-political context, size. For three example (air pollution removal, heat mitigation, accessible greenspace), we run an assessment takes patterns socio-economic develops metrics reflect drawing on principles vulnerability assessment. Despite similar overall levels (from 35 50% footprint), amount service provided differs substantially between cities. Aggregate cooling ranged 0.44 °C (Leicester) 0.98 (Medellin), while removal 488 kg PM2.5/yr (Zomba) 48,400 (Dhaka). Percentage population access nearby greenspace 82% (Dhaka) 100% (Zomba). pressure, service, maximum within city do not necessarily match, this has implications planning optimum locations